Cylinder lock



Reissued Oct. 8, 1929 -D U ED STATES PATENT OFFICE J'O EANNES CBONING,OF HAMBURG, GERMANY, ASSIGNOB, BY MESNE ASSIGNMENTS,

TO CROWN LOOK COMPANY, A CORPORATION OF DELAWARE Original 80. 1,514,659,dated November 11, 1924, Serial No. 399,187, filed July 26, 1920, and inGermany March 22, 1919. Application for reissue filed October 29, 1926.Serial No. 145,075.

The object of the invention is to provide a lock of the cylinder type inwhich the eatest possible sim licity of constructionm both i the tumbleror plug) cylinder and the cylindrical case is combined with a minimum ofplay for the key notches. With this object, the tumbler pins, which aremade in one piece as usual and are housed, together with their springs,in the tumbler cylinder, are either slightly off-set or else straight,in which latown axes must be rounded off s herically at lock.

ter event they are provided with a projecting lateral lug to engage withthe key, as is well known in connection with cylinder locks hav ingdivided tumblers.

Tumbler pins adapted to turn on their their ends that lie at the line 0intersection between the cylinder and cylinder case, in accordance withthe curvature determined by the diameter of the cylinder. When the rightkey is used, the pairs of pins lie, when in the release position, withtheir contact points in the peripheral surface of the lock cylinder. Thecontact oint of the pairs of pins may, however, lie Eelow the peripheralsurface of the lock cylinder-by a distance equal to the radius ofcurvature of the rounded portion,

.1 tumbler pin inth'at case will only rise instead oflock. .Sincethisradius of curvature is always only afew t'enths of a millimetre, allkeys that are within this limit and are smaller than the right key, canbe. used to open the To obviate. thisdefect, the tumbler pins areprevented, by suitable means or by shaping, from turning on their ownaxis, so that,

in the release position, their end surfaces are flush with theperipheral surface of the lock cylinder.

The drawing illustratesseveral methods of carrying out the subject ofthe invention.

Fig. 1 is a vertical section through the lock case and the cylinder.Fig. 2 is a Section A--B of 1.

f Fig. 3 shows the tumblers in the set posilon.

Fig, 4 illustrates a modification.

The cylinder 1 is rotatably mounted in the stationary case 2. In F i s.1, 2' and 3, each of the tumblers consists o the off-set tumbler pins 3and the tumbler springs 4. The tumbler pins 3 are adapted to slideaxially in two parallel bores and a corresponding recess. Whereas thebore, for example the one on the right, extends entirely through thecylinder, the adjacent hole,.in the extension of which the key slot 5 issituated, is not bored entirely through. The under ledge formed by theofi-set of the tumbler pin 3, serves to engage with the key and to limitthe downward travel of the pin 3. The upper ledge formed by the ofi-setserves as abut- 'ment for the tumbler spring 4. The upper abutment forthe spring 4 is formed by a small plate 6, which at the same time actsas a lateral guide for the pin 3. i

The modification in Fig. 4 has straight pins 3, the top ends of whichare of reduced diameter in order to accommodate the springs 4. Anoil-set in the form of 2. lug 11, which is firml secured to the tumblerpin 3 and is adapte to slide in the slot 10 serves to prevent therotation of the pin and to engage with the key,

The cylindrical lock case 2 is provided with holes 7 and 8 in the lineof prolongation. of the cylinder bores. Since the tumbler pins .3 areprevented from turning on their axes, their free ends are flush with theperipheral surface of the cylinder when in cylinder release position(Fig. 3). This circumstance determines the total length of each tumblerpin. In the position of rea pose (Figs. 1, 2 and 4) the upper and lowerparts of the tumbler pins 3 are of diflerent heights. They are liftedaccordingly by the key, in known manner, to bring them into the releaseposition. 7

If a tumbler has not been sufliciently lifted one end will remain partlyin the bore 8 of the lock case, whereas if one has been lifted too farthe other'end will project into the bore 7 of the lock case.

Other modifications are also possible. The essential feature of'theinvention consists in that the straight or lightly off-set tumbler pinsare made in one piece and are housed in the tumbler cylinderexclusively, and in 10 that, in order to reduce the play of the keynotches to 'a minimum the tumbler pins are prevented from rotatingeither by shaping 0 by the provision of suitable means. 3

What I claim is:

1. A lock, comprising a stationary sleeve and a one piece rotatablecylinder therein having transverse bores registrable with perforationsin said sleeve. at both ends of said bores, spring-urged single-piecestraight pins in said bores having an off-set for engagement by a keyand capable of forations and a retaining .plate in said cylinder forretaining said pins therein.

2. A lock comprising a stationary sleeve 5 and a rotatable cylindertherein having transverse bores registrable 'at both ends withperforations in said sleeve, spring-urged straight one-piece pinsintegral lateral lugs thereon forming off-sets for the engagement of akey and capable of entering the perforations and a plate in saidcylinder for retainin said spring-urged pins. 7 j Y 3. A lock comprisinga stationary casing having perforations, therethrough on opposite sidesof a diameter, a rotata le one-piece cylinder in said casing-havingbores, single piece tumbler pins mounted in said bores, a compressionspring for each tumbler, a plate 40 mounted in said cylinder common tosaid springsto hold the springs and tumblers in the cylinder and a keyengaging off-set on each tumbler whereby said tumblers normally engagein one set of perforations on one side 5 of the diameter and engageanother set of easing perforations on the opposite side of said diameterwhen an improper key is used, said tumbler ins with their off-sets beingfreely inserte in said cylinder when said plate is removed.

' 4. A lock comprising a stationary casing having'perforationstherethrough on opposite sides of a diameter,

in said: casing havin straight bores therethrough, a tumbler pm in eachbore having a reduced end, a s ring onsuch reduced end,

a plate in the cylinder holding said springs and through which saidreduced ends pass to engage perforations in the cylinder, the oppositeends of said tumblers being arranged also to engage perforations in thecasing.

. 5. In a locking device, a pin-retaining member provided with parallellines of trans verse bores, the bores of one line extending 5 part waythroughsaid member into commumember, closing entering said perin saidbores having a rotatable cylinder -means contacting with nication with akeyway therein and being connected with adjacent'bores of the other lineextending through said member, tumbler pins having a portion in one boreand an integral portion extending laterally therefrom into the connectedadjacent bore, springs /in one line of bores bearing upon a portion ofthe tumbler pins, and means, carried by said one line of bores egress ofthe springs therefrom.

6. In a locking device, a pin-retaining member provided with parallellines of trans verse bores, the borestof one line being connected withadjacent bores of the other line, tumbler pins having a portion in onebore and an integral portion extending laterally therefrom into theconnected adjacent bore, and means line of bores against egress of thetumbler pin therefrom.

7. In a locking device, a pin-retaining member having a pair of parallelconnected transverse bores, one extending part way through with a keywayand the other extending through said member, a tumbler pin having aportion in one bore and an integral portion extending laterally into theother bore, and means carried by said member closing an end of saidbores on the side of said member opposite the side carrying the keywayagainstegress of the tumbler pintherefrom.

8. In a locking device, giember having a pair'Of parallel connectedores, I opposite side of said member is open for the projection of anend of a tumbler pin therefrom and the other'end portions whereof areclosed against projection of the tumbler pin therefrom, in combinationwith a one-piece tumbler pin having a portion in one of said bores andan integral portion extending lat erally into the connected bore.

9. A locking device comprising a member carrying tumbler pins and itselfindependently retaining said pins assembled therein, said membercomprising a pair of connected bores with a tumbler pin having a portionin one bore and an integral portion extending laterally into theconnected bore, an end of one bore being provided with an obstructionagainst a pin-retaining one of the four ends whereof on each carried bythe member closing one s said member into communication preventing theseparation of the tumbler pin from said member,,a spring bearing upon aportion of the tumbler pin to force a project ing end thereof beyond thesurfaceof said \member, and a keyway connected with a portion of suchtumbler pin to permit contact therewith by the proper key to move thetumbler pin wholly within said member, in combination with anothermember provided with a side of a projecting end of said tumbler pintoobstruct a relative movement of said members. 7

10. A lock comprisin and a one-piece rotata le cylinder therein astationary sleeve carrying tumblers and itself indesendently retainingsaid tumblers assemble therein, said cylinder having transverseapertures to receive tumblers, sprlng-urged tumblers in said apertureshaving a. portion for engagement by a kc and a portion projectablebeyond the sur carried by said cylinder and coacting with said tumblersto prevent the tumblers leaving the cylinder when said cylinder is removed from the sleeve.

In Witness whereof, I have signed this specification. l

J OHANNES CRONING.

ace of said cylinder and means,

